Modularity of the Femoral Component in Total Hip Arthroplasty
J Am Acad Orthop Surg April 2012 Anand Srinivasan Abstract Modular femoral components have been developed to aid in recreating native femoral version, limb length, and offset in total hip arthroplasty. Use of modular implants results in cost savings, as well. Inventory can be reduced while allowing intraoperative flexibility and options. With modular implants, the […]
Radiographic Analysis of Spondylolisthesis and Sagittal Spinopelvic Deformity
J Am Acad Orthop Surg April 2012 Ying Li Abstract Traditional radiographic analysis of spondylolisthesis focuses on the regional sagittal deformity at the lumbosacral junction. Pelvic morphology has also been cited as an important factor that contributes to the development of high-grade spondylolisthesis. However, the importance of global sagittal balance of the spine and pelvis […]
The Hill-Sachs Lesion: Diagnosis, Classification, and Management
J Am Acad Orthop Surg April 2012 Matthew T. Provencher, Abstract The Hill-Sachs lesion is an osseous defect of the humeral head that is typically associated with anterior shoulder instability. The incidence of these lesions in the setting of glenohumeral instability is relatively high and approaches 100% in persons with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. Reverse […]
Factitious Disorders of the Upper Extremity
J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2012 ; 20 Michael V. Birman Abstract Factitious disorders of the upper extremity can manifest in many different forms; therefore, it is critical to recognize warning signs in the history and examination indicating that the patient may be creating the symptoms and physical manifestations of the presenting illness. These […]
Management of Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Children: Current Concepts
J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2012 ; 20 Joshua M. Abzug Abstract Supracondylar humerus fractures are the most common elbow fractures in the pediatric population. Type I fractures are managed nonsurgically, but most displaced injuries (types II, III, and IV) require surgical intervention. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning remains the mainstay of surgical management. […]
Biomechanical Testing of Fracture Fixation Constructs: Variability, Validity, and Clinical Applicability
Michael J. Gardner J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2012 ; 20 Abstract Biomechanical testing of fracture fixation implants is crucial in preclinical evaluation and in comparing new devices with standard devices. Many variables must be considered when planning and implementing a biomechanical in vitro experiment. The type of test selected (eg, load-to-failure, stiffness, cyclic […]
Nerve Conduits for Nerve Repair or Reconstruction
Nicole Deal J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2012 ; 20 Abstract Advances in treating peripheral nerve lesions have resulted from research in nerve regeneration and the use biomaterials as well as synthetic materials. When direct tensionless repair of peripheral nerve lesions is not possible, nerve conduits may be used to bridge digital sensory nerve […]
Contributing Factors to Surgical Site Infections
James S. Harrop Abstract Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common nosocomial infections. These complications lead to revision surgery, delayed wound healing, increased use of antibiotics, and increased length of hospital stay, all of which have a significant impact on patients and the cost of health care. Such intraoperative factors as proper skin preparation, […]
Postarthroscopic Glenohumeral Chondrolysis
Peter C. Yeh J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2012 ; 20 Abstract Postarthroscopic glenohumeral chondrolysis (PAGCL) is a rare complication in which the articular cartilage of the shoulder undergoes rapid, degenerative changes shortly after arthroscopic surgery. Patients with PAGCL are often young (eg, aged 10 to 40 years) and develop deep shoulder pain with […]
Adult Scheuermann Kyphosis: Evaluation, Management, and New Developments
J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2012 ; 20 Kirkham B. Wood Abstract Scheuermann kyphosis is a structural hyperkyphosis defined radiographically as anterior wedging of ≥5° of at least three consecutive vertebral bodies. Typically, the disease develops during adolescence but may not present until adulthood. The etiology remains unknown. Indications for management include progressive deformity, […]