Malignant Transformation in Chronic Osteomyelitis: Recognition and Principles of Management
Michalis Panteli J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2014 vol. 22 no. 9 Malignant transformation as a result of chronic osteomyelitis represents a relatively rare and late complication with a declining incidence in the modern world. For most patients, the interval between the occurrence of the original bacterial infection and the transformation to malignant degeneration is […]
Unicameral Bone Cysts: General Characteristics and Management Controversies
Juan Pretell-Mazzini J Am Acad Orthop Surg. May 2014 vol. 22 no. 5 Abstract Unicameral bone cysts are benign bone lesions that are often asymptomatic and commonly develop in the proximal humerus and femur of skeletally immature patients. The etiology of these lesions remains unknown. Most patients present with a pathologic fracture, but these cysts […]
Early Weight Bearing After Lower Extremity Fractures in Adults
Erik N. Kubiak J Am Acad Orthop Surg December 2013 vol. 21 no. 12 Abstract Weight-bearing protocols should optimize fracture healing while avoiding fracture displacement or implant failure. Biomechanical and animal studies indicate that early loading is beneficial, but high-quality clinical studies comparing weight-bearing protocols after lower extremity fractures are not universally available. For certain […]
Optimizing the Management of Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears
Jayson Murray J Am Acad Orthop Surg December 2013 vol. 21 no. 12 Abstract The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has developed Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) on Optimizing the Management of Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears (RC). Evidence-based information, in conjunction with clinical expertise of physicians, was used to develop the criteria to improve patient care […]
Objective Structured Clinical Examinations: A Guide to Development and Implementation in Orthopaedic Residency
Donna Phillips, Abstract Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) have been used extensively in medical schools and residency programs to evaluate various skills, including the six core competencies outlined by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Orthopaedic surgery residency programs will be required by the ACGME to assess residents on core competencies in the […]
Sarcoma Chemotherapy
Brian E. Walczak J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Vol 21 Nº 8 August 2013 Sarcomas are a rare, heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of the bone or soft tissue. Although historically intended for the pharmaceutical treatment of microbes, today chemotherapy is used in orthopaedic oncology and is arguably the primary reason for improved survivorship. Agents […]
Transabdominal Gunshot Wounds of the Hip and Pelvis
Anna N. Miller, MD, Abstract Transabdominal gunshot wounds (GSWs) of the hip and pelvis are those that traverse the gastrointestinal system before entering the pelvis and/or hip. These injuries may be contaminated by bowel contents. Some require urgent surgical intervention; others can be managed nonsurgically. A primary survey with attention to hemodynamic status is of […]
Prevention of Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures
William Watters, III J Am Acad Orthop Surg March 2013 vol. 21 no. 3 Abstract The Prevention of Orthopaedic Implant Infection in Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures evidence-based clinical practice guideline was codeveloped by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and the American Dental Association. This guideline replaces the previous AAOS Information Statement, Antibiotic Prophylaxis […]
Obesity and Osteoarthritis: More Than Just Wear and Tear
Ryan C. Koonce J Am Acad Orthop Surg March 2013 vol. 21 no. 3 Abstract A link has been established between obesity and osteoarthritis (OA), but the precise relationship has yet to be defined. OA has a multifactorial etiology, and obesity is consistently identified as an independent and modifiable risk factor. The biomechanical relationship is […]
Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
Kevin A. Raskin J Am Acad Orthop Surg February 2013 ; 21 Abstract Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is one type of giant cell-rich lesion of bone. This benign mesenchymal tumor has characteristic multinuclear giant cells. Mononuclear stromal cells are the physiologically active and diagnostic cell type. Most GCTs are located in the epiphyseal […]