Management of Malunion of the Proximal Humerus: Current Concepts
Daphne Pinkas J Am Acad Orthop Surg August 2014 vol. 22 no. 8 Proximal humerus fractures remain one of the most common orthopaedic injuries, particularly in the elderly. Displaced fractures often require surgery, and management can be challenging because of comminution and poor bone quality. Despite advances in surgical technique and implant design, reoperation for […]
The Use of Arthrography in Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery
Philip D. Nowicki J Am Acad Orthop Surg August 2014 vol. 22 no. 8 Surgery near pediatric joints can be challenging because it is difficult to visualize vital articular structures. Assessment of underlying pathology is also challenging because the joint structures have not yet ossified. Arthrography is a useful tool that is quick and minimally […]
Subtle Cavus Foot: Diagnosis and Management
Sophia E. Deben J Am Acad Orthop Surg August 2014 vol. 22 no. 8 The subtle cavovarus foot (SCF) is a mild malalignment caused by either primary hindfoot varus or a plantarflexed first ray, resulting in a typical constellation of symptoms because of altered foot mechanics. Key clinical signs are a peek-a-boo heel and a […]
Periprosthetic Fractures Around Loose Femoral Components
Roshan P. Shah J Am Acad Orthop Surg August 2014 vol. 22 no. 8 The development of periprosthetic fractures around loose femoral components can be a devastating event for patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty (THA). As indications for THA expand in an aging population and to use in younger patients, these fractures are […]
Posterior Lumbar Fusion: Choice of Approach and Adjunct Techniques
Charla R. Fischer J Am Acad Orthop Surg August 2014 vol. 22 no. 8 The choice among the many options of approach and adjunct techniques in planning a posterior lumbar fusion can be problematic. Debates remain as to whether solid fusion has an advantage over pseudarthrosis regarding long-term symptom deterioration and whether an instrumented or […]
Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears: Classification, Pattern Recognition, and Treatment
Peter J. Millett J Am Acad Orthop Surg August 2014 vol. 22 no. 8 The posterosuperior rotator cuff, composed of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons, is the most common site for full-thickness rotator cuff tears and represents a significant source of shoulder disability worldwide. Recognition of and classification of full-thickness tear patterns are essential in […]
Combined Acetabulum and Pelvic Ring Injuries
Jason J. Halvorson J Am Acad Orthop Surg. May 2014 vol. 22 no. 5 Abstract Combined fractures of the acetabulum and pelvic ring are more common than previously believed, with an incidence as high as 15.7%. Recent series that include combined injuries indicate that the incidence of lateral compression and anteroposterior compression pelvic ring injuries […]
Traumatic Atlanto-occipital Dislocation in Children
Nelson Astur J Am Acad Orthop Surg. May 2014 vol. 22 no. 5 Abstract Although once considered an invariably fatal injury, improvements in diagnosis and management have made atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) a survivable injury. MRI is the preferred imaging modality; occasionally, flexion/extension/distraction fluoroscopy may be required to determine craniovertebral stability. Early surgical stabilization is recommended […]
Anterior Glenohumeral Instability: A Pathology-based Surgical Treatment Strategy
Philipp N. Streubel, J Am Acad Orthop Surg. May 2014 vol. 22 no. 5 Abstract The glenohumeral joint is the most frequently dislocated major joint, and most cases involve an anterior dislocation. Young male athletes competing in contact sports are at especially high risk of recurrent instability. Surgical timing and selection of surgical technique continue […]
Anterior Ankle Impingement: Diagnosis and Treatment
Paul G. Talusan J Am Acad Orthop Surg. May 2014 vol. 22 no. 5 Anterior ankle impingement is a common clinical condition characterized by chronic anterior ankle pain that is exacerbated on dorsiflexion. Additional symptoms include instability; limited ankle motion; and pain with squatting, sprinting, stair climbing, and hill climbing. Diagnosis is typically confirmed with […]